Graphene nanotechnology such as GRAFTA holds potential for passive water remediation due to its unique properties and versatility. Graphene, a single layer of carbon atoms arranged in a two-dimensional honeycomb lattice, possesses exceptional strength, electrical conductivity, and a large surface area. These characteristics make graphene-based materials ideal for various applications in water remediation.
The graphene nanotechnology in GRAFTA excels in passive water remediation, with a number of key benefits, including:
Adsorption of Contaminants:
GRAFTA, utilising graphene oxide (GO) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO), has a very high surface area and abundant functional groups, making it an excellent adsorbent for various water contaminants, including heavy metals, organic pollutants, and complex industrial contaminants.
The graphene nanosheets of GRAFTA can passively remove contaminants by simply allowing water to flow through or over them. The contaminants adhere to the graphene surface due to chemical interactions, Van der Waals forces, and π-π stacking.
The adsorption capacity of GRAFTA can be further enhanced by functionalization with specific groups or by combining it with other materials such as reducing agents to target specific contaminants.
Heavy Metal Removal:
GRAFTA is particularly effective at adsorbing heavy metals such as arsenic, lead, cadmium, copper, selenium and mercury. The very high adsorption capacity can reduce metal concentrations to safe levels in water sources.
GRAFTA can be integrated into passive filtration systems, including packed columns or permeable reactive barriers, for in-situ heavy metal remediation.
Organic Compound Removal:
GRAFTA has excellent capabilities in adsorbing organic compounds, including volatile organic compounds (VOCs), hydrocarbons (F1-F4), BTEX and more, passively removing these contaminants from water as it flows through GRAFTA based filters.
In Situ Contaminant Removal:
GRAFTA based permeable reactive barriers can serve as passive water treatment barriers that selectively allow water molecules to pass while rejecting contaminants based on size and charge.
These barriers are capable of removing ions, nanoparticles, and even bacteria from water sources, contributing to the purification of both freshwater and wastewater.
The unique design of the graphene nanotechnology that comprises GRAFTA has a number of key benefits over existing technologies for the passive remediation of contaminated water:
High Efficiency:
GRAFTA has a very high adsorption capacity, making it more effective in removing a wide range of contaminants from water than alternative technologies.
Low Energy Consumption:
Passive water remediation systems utilizing GRAFTA nanotechnology do not require significant energy input, reducing operational costs.
Versatility:
GRAFTA can be tailored to target specific contaminants, making it versatile for various remediation applications.
Sustainability:
The use of GRAFTA in water remediation aligns with sustainability principles by minimizing the need for chemical treatments and promoting environmentally sustainable solutions.
Longevity:
GRAFTA is durable and resistant to degradation, ensuring the longevity of passive remediation systems.
Near Zero Leaching:
Used GRAFTA has been tested for leaching contaminants in accordance with Toxicity Characteristics Leaching Procedure (TCLP) and the results have indicated that leaching is minimal and, in all cases, (for metals) below the regulatory limits set in Canada, allowing for disposal both on site or in general landfill.
GRAFTA offers a scalable and passive solution for water remediation systems, with many applications and configurations possible to remove the most persistent and challenging industrial contaminants.
To find out more about GRAFTA and how it can provide a passive and sustainable contaminant removal solution for your organization or community, please Contact Us.